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How to Cultivate Focus and Emotion to Our Students?

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The Strategies  of Cultivating Focus and Emotion to the Students The Students entering into the classroom have diverse background, condition or situation, and potency. Majority of them have difficulties in focus and emotion, and it is not easy to tell them to cncentrate or focus in learning. They enter into the classroom with empty brain, and they do not have any purposes to go to school. Therefore, the alternative ways or strategies are very urgent. There are ten strategies that can be used to cultivate focus and emotion to our students in learning. Before understanding the strategies, we should know the definition of focus and emotion in advance. A. The definition of Focus and Emotion 1. The Definition of Focus In the educational context, focus denotes the capacity to direct one's attention and concentration towards a specific objective, subject, or task. This entails the ability to eliminate distractions, sustain attention over time, and actively participate in the learning proc...
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How to learn a Simple Past Tense easily?

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 Learning a Simple Past Tense Easily

A. The Definition of Simple Past Tense

The simple past tense is a verb tense used to describe a completed action in the past. It is also called the preterite tense. In English, the simple past is formed by adding "-ed" to the base form of regular verbs, and irregular verbs have unique past tense forms. The simple past is often used to describe actions that happened at a specific time in the past or were completed in the past and are not continuing in the present. Examples of simple past tense sentences include "I walked to the store yesterday" and "She ate breakfast early this morning

B. The Adverbs of Frequency

Adverbs of frequency describe how often an action occurs, and they can be used with the simple past tense to indicate how often an action happened in the past. Here are some examples of adverbs of frequency that can be used with the simple past tense:

Always: I always went to school early.

Usually: We usually ate dinner together as a family.

Often: They often visited their grandparents on the weekends.

Sometimes: She sometimes forgot her keys at home.

Rarely: He rarely missed a deadline at work.

Hardly ever: They hardly ever went to the beach on weekends.

Never: I never liked spinach as a child.

Note that the placement of the adverb of frequency is before the main verb in a sentence in the simple past tense.

C. The Pattern of Simple Past Tense

The Pattern of Simple Past Tense

The simple past tense is used to describe actions or events that happened in the past and are now completed. The pattern for regular verbs in the simple past tense is:

Subject + verb (past tense) + object

For example:

I walked to the store.

She played soccer yesterday.

They watched a movie last night.

The past tense of regular verbs is formed by adding -ed to the base form of the verb. However, there are some spelling rules that need to be followed depending on the verb's ending:

If the verb ends in -e, add -d. (e.g. love -> loved)

If the verb ends in a consonant + y, change the y to i and add -ed. (e.g. study -> studied)

If the verb ends in a single vowel + consonant, double the consonant and add -ed. (e.g. stop -> stopped)

For irregular verbs, the past tense form is not formed by adding -ed. Instead, they have their own unique past tense forms that need to be memorized. Some examples of irregular verbs in the simple past tense are:

go -> went

eat -> ate

do -> did

see -> saw

It's important to note that there are some verbs that have the same base form and past tense form, such as cut, hurt, and put. In these cases, context is important in determining which tense is being used

C. The Negative and Interrogative Sentences

 

The Negative and Interrogative Sentences

To form the negative and interrogative sentences in the simple past tense, we use the auxiliary verb "did" followed by the base form of the main verb.

Negative sentences:

Subject + did not (didn't) + base form of verb + object

For example:

I didn't walk to the store.

She didn't play soccer yesterday.

They didn't watch a movie last night.

Interrogative sentences:

Did + subject + base form of verb + object?

For example:

Did you walk to the store?

Did she play soccer yesterday?

Did they watch a movie last night?

Note that in the interrogative sentence, "did" is used to form the question and the main verb is in its base form (not past tense). In the negative sentence, "did not" is contracted to "didn't".

For irregular verbs, the base form of the verb is used for both affirmative and negative sentences, as well as interrogative sentences. For example:

Affirmative: He ate breakfast this morning.

Negative: He didn't eat breakfast this morning.

Interrogative: Did he eat breakfast this morning?

D. Exercise

 

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in the simple past tense:

1.       I __________ (watch) a movie last night.

2.       She __________ (not eat) breakfast this morning.

3.       Did you __________ (go) to the party last weekend?

4.       They __________ (play) soccer in the park yesterday.

5.       He __________ (study) for his exam all night.

6.       We __________ (not see) the movie that everyone was talking about.

7.       __________ (Do) you __________ (like) the food at the restaurant?

8.       The children __________ (enjoy) playing in the snow yesterday.

Read the following passage and answer the questions below:

Last summer, my family and I went on a trip to Europe. We visited three countries: Italy, France, and Spain. In Italy, we visited Rome and saw the Colosseum, the Pantheon, and the Vatican City. We also ate lots of pizza and gelato.

In France, we visited Paris and saw the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre Museum, and the Notre-Dame Cathedral. We also went to a French restaurant and tried escargots.

In Spain, we visited Madrid and saw the Royal Palace and the Prado Museum. We also went to a Flamenco show and tried some delicious paella.

1.       What did the writer do last summer?

2.       Which countries did the writer visit?

3.       What did the writer see in Rome?

4.       What did the writer try in France?

5.       What did the writer do in Spain?


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